This type of Thangka is embroidered using the seed embroidery technique. Seed embroidery is a distinctive needlework technique of Beijing embroidery. “Seed embroidery“ refers to creating tiny knots with silk threads spread out on the embroidered surface. In the flat art of Beijing embroidery, adding seed knots creates a prominent effect, making the embroidery more intricate. The yarn used in seed embroidery is ordinary silk, but it needs to be specially twisted to enhance the texture of the seed knots. The craftsmanship of seed embroidery lies entirely in the hands of the embroiderer. A skillful twist and a wrap bring the knots to life. The key to the art lies in maintaining consistent size and height of the knots, neatly arranged. Achieving this requires the embroiderer to apply the same force each time and accurately place the needle.
这种类型的唐卡是使用“米粒绣”技法绣制的。米粒绣是北京刺绣中独特的针法。“米粒绣”指的是在绣面上用丝线形成微小的结。在平面的北京刺绣艺术中,加入米粒结能产生突出的效果,使刺绣更加精致。米粒绣使用的线是普通的丝线,但需要特别的捻线工艺来增强米粒结的质感。米粒绣的技艺完全依赖于刺绣者的手艺。熟练的捻线和缠绕能让结活灵活现。这门艺术的关键在于保持结的大小和高度一致,排列整齐。要实现这一点,刺绣者每次下针时都需施以相同的力量,并准确定位。
This technique requires at least 150 knots per square centimetre, meaning even the most skilled embroiderer can only complete a palm-sized pattern in a day. Besides the intricate knots, the colour transitions must also be harmonious to highlight the unique charm of seed embroidery. Its greatest feature is creating a three-dimensional effect, resembling a relief sculpture. Generally, seed embroidery is best suited for depicting flower pistils and the eyes of birds, animals, insects, and fish. Beyond its decorative appeal, seed embroidery is highly durable. Traditional pouches are a typical example. Nowadays, complete seed embroidery pieces are rare, mostly used for specific parts of larger works.
这种技法要求每平方厘米至少有150个结,这意味着即使是最熟练的刺绣者一天也只能完成手掌大小的图案。除了精细的结,颜色的过渡也必须和谐,以突出米粒绣的独特魅力。其最大的特点是能创造出立体效果,类似浮雕。一般来说,米粒绣最适合描绘花蕊以及鸟类、动物、昆虫和鱼类的眼睛。除了装饰性外,米粒绣还非常耐用。传统的荷包就是一个典型例子。如今,完整的米粒绣作品较为罕见,多用于大型作品的特定部分。
Thangka seed embroidery, a Beijing technique using tiny silk knots at 150 knots per square centimeter, creates intricate, three-dimensional effects ideal for detailed features like flower pistils and animal eyes.